大家知道,不可數名詞沒有表示複數(shù)的“-s”標誌,因此前麵不可有(yǒu)數目字,隻可以有數量詞。例如我們可以說(shuō)①, 不可以說②:
①There is not much furniture in the office.
②There are not many furnitures in the office.
這是(shì)不是說不可(kě)數名詞就不可數呢?不然。相反的,不可數名詞也是可數的,主要方法是借重單位詞(unit word),如:
a piece of, a cup of, a drop of, a lump of, a handful of, a flash of, a blade of, a head of, a bar of, an ear of等。
如果數(shù)目是超過“一”,就以確實數目取代“一”。例如:
two pieces of, three cups of 和 five lumps of 等。
現在試(shì)試把上述這類單位詞和適當的不可數名詞連(lián)用。
① Mr Li has just bought a piece of new furniture.
② Give me a cup of cold water, please.
③ Please put two lumps of sugar in my coffee.
④ The boy picked up two handfuls of sand from the beach.
⑤ We saw a flash of lightning in the sky.
⑥ The gardener pulled out blades of wild grass from the garden.
⑦ She gave bars of chocolate to the visiting children.
有些名詞(cí)如 scissors, trousers, spectacles, tongs, pliers 等,都以複數形式(shì)出現, 如:
⑧ The scissors are lying on the table.
⑨ The spectacles fit me nicely.
如果要給這些名詞表示單數(shù)“一”的意(yì)思,就要借重單(dān)位詞(cí)了。例(lì)如:
⑩ Mary has just bought a pair of scissors.
(11) The mechanic repaired the machine with a set of pliers.
現代英語注重簡潔,合成形容詞(cí)便應運而生,其中有一種是用來(lái)表示數目的,方法是:
“數目+名詞”,如:a five-year plan, a ten-dollar note, a two-hour meeting, a three-day conference等。
必須注意的是,這(zhè)種合成形容詞(cí)中的名詞,隻能以單數形式出(chū)現。如果用複數,就錯了,如:
a five-years plan, a ten-dollars note, a two-hours meeting, a three-days conference.
這類錯誤,雖(suī)然頻率不是很高,但也是要留意才好。
如果沒有把握,不妨用完整的表達方式,如:
a five-year plan→a plan of five years
a ten-dollar note→a note of ten dollars
a three-day conference→a conference of three days 等。